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MPEG

MPEG is an acronym for the Motion Picture Experts Group. While the proper acronym does refer to an organization, the MPEG are responsible for creating and standardizing media compression standards. MPEG helped create MPEG1, which is the first video compression standard used in 1991, and the third layer of MPEG1 is commonly used by most people as a music format, MP3.

MPEG's second video standard, MPEG2, was used as the primary method of distribution for DVDs, as well as most sattelite distributors like DirecTV and Dish Network. MPEG2 had numerous advantages over its predecessor, but chief among them are lower file sizes. The group skipped MPEG3, initially targeted toward HDTVs, once the group realized MPEG2 with extensions would be sufficient, plus marketplace confusion between the MP3 file format. The group then created create MPEG4, which is the basis for numerous internet video standards, like its namesake MP4, H.264, DivX, XVID and many others. MPEG4 audio is also called AAC audio, is a higher quality than MP3 at lower bitrates, and is also sold in Apple's iTunes Music store.

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